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1.
Chinese Herbal Medicines ; (4): 463-469, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982515

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the chemical constituents from the leaves of Jatropha curcas and evaluate their inhibition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglia cells.@*METHODS@#The n-BuOH extract of the leaves of J. curcas was isolated by macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, ODS, column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified by MS, NMR, ECD, and other spectroscopic methods. In addition, anti-neuroinflammatory effects of isolated compounds were evaluated by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) in over-activated BV-2 cells.@*RESULTS@#Seventeen compounds, including (7R,8S)-crataegifin A-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 1), (8R,8'R)-arctigenin ( 2), arctigenin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 3), (-)-syringaresinol ( 4), syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 5), (-)-pinoresinol ( 6), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 7), buddlenol D ( 8), (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin ( 9), (2S,3S)-epicatechin ( 10), (2R,3S)-catechin ( 11), isovitexin ( 12), naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 13), chamaejasmin ( 14), neochamaejasmin B ( 15), isoneochamaejasmin A ( 16), and tomentin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 17) were isolated and identified. Compounds 2, 4 and 8 significantly inhibited the release of NO in BV-2 microglia activated by LPS, with IC50 values of 18.34, 29.33 and 26.30 μmol/L, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Compound 1 is a novel compound, and compounds 2, 3, 8, 14- 17 are isolated from Jatropha genus for the first time. In addition, the lignans significantly inhibited NO release and the inhibitory activity was decreased after glycosylation.

2.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 36(3): 702-712, 01-05-2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146497

ABSTRACT

The aluminum in high levels in the soil affects the emergence, growth, and development of various species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the emergence and physiological behavior of four provenances of Jatropha curcas subjected to different levels of aluminum. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with four levels of aluminum in the soil (8.2, 16.5, 24.0 mmolc·dm-3 and control) and four provenances of J. curcas seeds (P1 = Dourados-MS, P2 = Montes Claros-MG, P3 = Alta Floresta-MT, and P4 = Petrolina-PE); the effects of aluminum toxicity were investigated in 25, 50, 75, and 100 days after emergence. The levels of aluminum in the soil were collected from the initial soil correction, which featured an aluminum level of 24.0 mmolc dm-3. The seedling emergence was not affected by treatment with aluminum; however, the height and leaf area of P1, P2, and P3 were reduced with increasing levels of aluminum. The emergence and vigor of J. curcas seeds were not influenced by the differences in the origins of the seeds or by the aluminum levels evaluated. Gas exchanges were affected negatively by aluminum and the responses of the chlorophyll a fluorescence indicate harmful effect in the photosynthetic apparatus. The seeds of origin P4 (Petrolina-PE) has increased tolerance to stress conditions.


O alumínio em níveis elevados no solo afeta a emergência, o crescimento e o desenvolvimento de diversas espécies. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a emergência e o comportamento fisiológico de quatro procedências de Jatropha curcas submetidas a diferentes níveis de alumínio. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro níveis de alumínio no solo (8,2; 16,5 e 24,0 mmolc dm-3 e o controle) e quatro procedências de sementes de J. curcas (P1 = Dourados-MS P2 = Montes Claros-MG, P3 = Alta Floresta-MT e P4 = Petrolina-PE), e os efeitos da toxicidade do alumínio foram investigados aos 25, 50, 75 e 100 dias após a emergência. A emergência das plântulas não foi afetada pelo tratamento com alumínio; no entanto, a altura e a área foliar de P1, P2 e P3 foram reduzidas com níveis crescentes de alumínio. A emergência e o vigor das plântulas das procedências não foram afetados pelos níveis de alumínio avaliados. A taxa fotossintética, taxa de transpiração e condutância estomática também foram reduzidas quando as plantas foram cultivadas em solo contendo altas níveis de alumínio. As plantas P4 foram menos sensíveis aos níveis crescentes de alumínio.


Subject(s)
Soil , Jatropha , Aluminum , Photosynthesis , Soil Analysis , Growth and Development , Toxicity , Chlorophyll A
3.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(6 Supplement 1): 97-107, nov./dec. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-968875

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at comparing the growth and physiological changes in Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha or physic nut) young plants fertilized or not with a commercial product based on a micronutrient delivery system (MDS), under different doses of NPK. Measurements of growth, chlorophyll content, and leaf gas exchange were performed in the greenhouse, where plants were arranged in a split-split plot design. Plants were grown for 120 days in 3.9 L pots containing local soil, with or without MDS (main plot), combined with NPK doses (0; 1.8; 4.7 and 7.4 g L-1) in subplots. Dose-response curves showed that most variables were positively responsive to NPK doses in plants growing without MDS, whereas slight responses or even opposite behavior was observed in MDS-fertilized plants. MDS application under low NPK doses resulted in higher biomass allocation in leaves and roots, increases in number of leaves and chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, shoot and root dry weight, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, leaf transpiration, and water use efficiency, as well as decreases in intercellular CO2 in the leaf and vapor-pressure deficit. The enhanced biomass allocation, photosynthesis and gas exchange in MDS-supplemented plants indicates the relevant role played by this fertilizer in jatropha metabolism, resulting in more vigorous plants.


Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar o crescimento e as mudanças fisiológicas em plantas jovens de Jatropha curcas L. (pinhão manso), fertilizadas ou não, com um produto comercial baseado em um sistema de fornecimento de micronutrientes (MDS), sob diferentes doses de NPK. Medidas de crescimento, teor de clorofila e troca gasosa foliar foram realizados em casa de vegetação, onde as plantas foram arranjadas em um delineamento de blocos casualizados com parcela subdividida. As plantas foram cultivadas por 120 dias em potes de 3,9 L contendo solo local, com ou sem MDS (parcela principal), combinado com doses de NPK (0; 1,8; 4,7 e 7,4 g L-1) nas subparcelas. Curvas doseresposta mostraram que a maioria das variáveis responderam positivamente às doses de NPK em plantas crescendo sem MDS, enquanto respostas fracas ou mesmo comportamento oposto foi observado em plantas fertilizadas com MDS. A aplicação de MDS em doses baixas de NPK resultaram em maior alocação de biomassa nas folhas e raízes, aumento no número de folhas e teor de clorofila, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, pesos secos da parte aérea e raiz, condutância estomatal, fotossíntese, transpiração foliar e eficiência no uso da água, bem como na redução do CO2 intercelular na folha e déficit de pressão de vapor. O aumento na alocação de biomassa, fotossíntese e troca gasosa em plantas suplementadas com MDS indica o papel relevante deste fertilizante no metabolismo de pinhão manso, resultando em plantas mais vigorosas.


Subject(s)
Photosynthesis , Biomass , Micronutrients , Jatropha , Biofuels , Fertilizers
4.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(6 Supplement 1): 17-27, nov./dec. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-967631

ABSTRACT

Studies approaching jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) growth through quantitative analysis parameters are limited, especially regarding the response to different fertilizer types and doses. In order to investigate the effects of a micronutrient delivery system (MDS) fertilizer, a full quantitative analysis of growth in jatropha young plants was performed, comparing this system effectiveness under different NPK doses. Plants were grown in 3.9 L pots containing local soil, with or without MDS (main plot), combined with NPK doses (0; 1.8; 4.7 and 7.4 g L-1) in subplots. Dose-response curves of quantitative analysis variables were generated for three periods of time (40, 80 and 120 days after sown) as a sub-subplot. Quantitative analysis of growth showed that most parameters evaluated in this study were improved by MDS application, resulting in benefits for jatropha initial development, regardless of NPK doses. Even without NPK supplementation or under the lowest dose evaluated (1.8 g L-1), MDS provided better growth of J. curcas plants, being usually equivalent to the highest doses of NPK (4.7 and 7.4 g L-1) without MDS. The effective response of jatropha young plants to MDS supplementation indicates that this kind of fertilizer played a relevant role in the species metabolism, resulting in faster growth and enhanced biomass allocation.


Estudos abordando o desenvolvimento do pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) através de análises de parâmetros quantitativos são limitados, especialmente em relação à resposta a diferentes tipos e doses de fertilizantes. Para investigar os efeitos de um sistema de fornecimento de micronutrientes (MDS), realizou-se uma análise quantitativa completa do crescimento de plantas jovens de pinhão manso comparando a eficácia deste sistema sob diferentes doses de NPK. As plantas foram cultivadas por 120 dias em potes de 3,9 L contendo solo local, com ou sem MDS (parcela principal), combinado com doses de NPK (0; 1,8; 4,7 e 7,4 g L-1) nas subparcelas. Curvas dose-resposta das análises quantitativas das variáveis foram geradas para três períodos (40, 80 e 120 dias após semeadura), como uma subsubparcela. As análises quantitativas de crescimento mostraram que a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados neste estudo foi melhorada pela aplicação do MDS, resultando em benefícios para o crescimento inicial do pinhão-manso, independemente da dose de NPK. Mesmo sem suplementação de NPK ou sob a dose mais baixa avaliada (1,8 g L-1), o MDS proporcionou melhor crescimento do pinhão manso, sendo geralmente equivalente às maiores doses de NPK (4,7 e 7,4 g L-1) sem MDS. A resposta efetiva das plantas jovens do pinhão manso à suplementação com MDS indica que este tipo de fertilizante desempenhou um papel relevante no metabolismo desta espécie, resultando em um crescimento mais rápido e melhor alocação de biomassa.


Subject(s)
Food , Biomass , Micronutrients , Jatropha , Fertilizers
5.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 34: 76-82, july. 2018. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1047373

ABSTRACT

Background: Jatropha curcas L., as an important strategic biofuel resource with considerable economic potential, has attracted worldwide attention. However, J. curcas has yet to be domesticated. Plant height, an important agronomic trait of J. curcas, has not been sufficiently improved, and the genetic regulation of this trait in J. curcas is not fully understood. Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs), a class of transcription factors, have previously been shown to play critical roles in regulating multiple aspects of plant growth and development and may accordingly be implicated in the genetic regulation of plant height in J. curcas. Results: In this study, we cloned JcZFP8, a C2H2 ZFP gene in J. curcas. We found that the JcZFP8 protein was localized in the nucleus and contained a conserved QALGGH motif in its C2H2 structure. Furthermore, ectopic expression of JcZFP8 under the control of the 35S promoter in transgenic tobacco resulted in dwarf plants with malformed leaves. However, when JcZFP8 was knocked out, the transgenic tobacco did not show the dwarf phenotype. After treatment with the gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC), the dwarf phenotype was more severe than plants that did not receive the PAC treatment, whereas application of exogenous gibberellin3 (GA3) reduced the dwarf phenotype in transgenic plants. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that JcZFP8 may play a role in J. curcas plant phenotype through GA-related pathways. Our findings may help us to understand the genetic regulation of plant development in J. curcas and to accelerate breeding progress through engineering of the GA metabolic pathway in this plant. How to cite: Shi X,Wu Y, Dai T, et al. JcZFP8, a C2H2 zinc-finger protein gene from Jatropha curcas, influences plant development in transgenic tobacco.


Subject(s)
Tobacco/genetics , Jatropha , Plant Development , CYS2-HIS2 Zinc Fingers/genetics , Plant Growth Regulators/genetics , Transcription Factors , Triazoles , Plants, Genetically Modified/growth & development , Cloning, Molecular , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Gibberellins
6.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 85: e0212018, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-999199

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L. Mite richness, diversity, and abundance were determined, and higher values were observed primarily in the top stratum. Mite population in J. curcas was higher during the rainy season. Phytophagous mites were mostly concentrated in the top stratum, and Brevipalpus sp. was the most abundant. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae presented the highest richness and diversity, and Amblydromalus zannoui was the most abundant species. The present results indicate seasonal population dynamics for both predatory and phytophagous mites on J. curcas.(AU)


O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a distribuição espaço-temporal de ácaros fitófagos e predadores no dossel de plantas de pinhão-manso. Parâmetros de riqueza, diversidade e abundância de ácaros foram determinados. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que maiores valores de riqueza, diversidade e abundância de ácaros foram observados principalmente no estrato apical e que os níveis populacionais desses artrópodes em plantas de pinhão-manso são mais expressivos na estação chuvosa. Os ácaros fitófagos concentram-se distribuídos principalmente no estrato apical, sendo Brevipalpus sp. a espécie mais abundante. Ácaros predadores da família Phytoseiidae foram aqueles de maior riqueza e diversidade, sendo o ácaro predador Amblydromalus zannoui o mais abundante. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem uma dinâmica sazonal tanto para populações de ácaros predadores quanto para ácaros fitófagos em pinhão-manso.(AU)


Subject(s)
Jatropha , Mites , Tick Control , Environmental Monitoring , Temporal Distribution
7.
Rev. MVZ Córdoba ; 22(3): 6241-6255, Sep.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-957328

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. To assess the economic and financial feasibility of traditional silvopastoral systems for the biofuels production as a contribution to the sustainability of "Piñón for Galapagos" project. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted to 450 small livestock producer in 10 cantons of the Manabí province in order to collect basic agronomic knowledge, management, establishment and costs involved in production of the Piñón ((Jatropha curcas L.)/Savoy (Megathyrsus maximus) silvopastoral systems. For Piñón CP041 production recording plantation in live fence were stablished and for the tradition Piñón, the production of 10 sites were recorded, both systems since 2009. With those data were calculated the following economic indicators: ratio benefit/cost, net present value (NPV), internal rate ratio (IRR) and land expectation value (LEV). Results. The study exhibited a production decrease of Piñón with the passage of time. The CP041 INIAP improved silvopastoral system Piñón showed a B/C 1.07, NPV of USD$ 404.11, LEV US$ 970.23 and IRR of 18%. Followed by silvopastoral system with a local Piñón with a B/C 1.06, NPV of USD$ 363.66, LEV USD$ 873.10 and IRR of 17% and finally silvopastoral system without harvesting Piñón with a B/C 1.05, NPV of USD$ 285.72, LEV USD$ 685.99 and IRR of 15%. Conclusions. The alternative biofuels production was the silvopastoral systems (INIAP CP041)/Savoya in Manabí and is economically feasible. This system does not compete for arable land for food production and would not affect food security.


RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar la viabilidad económica y financiera de los sistemas silvopastoriles tradicionales para la producción de Biocombustibles como aporte a la sostenibilidad del proyecto "Piñón para Galápagos". Materiales y Métodos. Se llevaron a cabo encuestas a 450 pequeños productores ganaderos de 10 cantones de la provincia de Manabí con la finalidad de colectar información agronómica, manejo, costos implicados en establecimiento y producción de los sistemas silvopastoriles vigentes de Piñón (Jatropha curcas L.)/Saboya (Megathyrsus maximus). Para recopilar datos de producción del Piñón establecido en cercas vivas de Piñón INIAP CP041 e igualmente se registró la producción de sistemas en 10 sitios, desde el año 2009. Con estos datos se calcularon los siguientes indicadores financieros radio beneficio/costo (B/C), valor actual neto (VAN), tasa interna de retorno (TIR) y valor de expectativa de la tierra (VET). Resultados. El estudio mostró una disminución de la producción del Piñón con el transcurso del tiempo. El sistema silvopastoril mejorado con Piñón INIAP CP041 mostró B/C 1.07, VAN de USD$ 404.11, VET USD$ 970.23 y TIR de 18%. Seguido del sistema silvopastoril con Piñón local con un B/C 1.06, VAN de USD$ 363.66, VET USD$ 873.10 y TIR de 17% y finalmente sistema silvopastoril sin cosecha del Piñón con un B/C 1.05, VAN de USD$ 285.72, VET USD$ 685.99 y TIR de 15%. Conclusiones. La alternativa de producción de biocombustibles con sistemas silvopastoriles Piñón (INIAP CP041)/Saboya en Manabí es el sistema de mayor rentabilidad y no competiría por superficies de cultivo para la producción de alimentos, sin afectar a la seguridad alimentaria.

8.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 25: 1-8, ene. 2017. graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008175

ABSTRACT

Background: Ascorbic acid (Asc) is one of the most abundant antioxidants and it serves as a major contributor to protect plants against oxidative damage. Plants use two enzymes that participate in the metabolic recycling of Asc. One of these two enzymes is dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR). It directly regenerates Asc from its oxidized state and thus prevents Asc from being irreversibly hydrolyzed to 2, 3-diketogulonic acid. This study aimed to examine whether over-expression of DHAR leads to an enhanced oxidative stress tolerance in tobacco plants. Results: In this study, we functionally characterized a novel JcDHAR gene from Jatropha curcas and found via quantitative RT-PCR analysis that JcDHAR can be induced with H2O2, salt and PEG stresses. The DHAR activities of transgenic tobacco plants increased from 2.0 to 5.3 fold compared to wild-type plants. As a result, the transgenic plants displayed enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. Conclusions: Our results indicate that JcDHAR expression can effectively enhance the tolerance to oxidative stress in plants.


Subject(s)
Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage , Tobacco/enzymology , Plants, Genetically Modified/enzymology , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Oxidoreductases/isolation & purification , Oxidoreductases/genetics , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Stress, Physiological , Tobacco/drug effects , Blotting, Western , Plants, Genetically Modified/drug effects , Reactive Oxygen Species , Oxidative Stress , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Salt Tolerance , Antioxidants/metabolism
9.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 32(1): 132-139, jan./fev. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-965264

ABSTRACT

Seedlings of high quality are essential for the deployment of homogeneous plants. Thus, was evaluated the formation of seedlings of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) in different substrates fertilized with fertilizer-based lithothamnium. It was used substrates I) mixed of: never cultivated soil, cattle manure and sand in proportions: 3:1:1 volume/volume (v/v); II) commercial substrate Tropstrato®; III) cattle manure and carbonized rice straw in proportions: 1:1 (v/v); IV) birds manure, carbonized rice straw and never cultivated soil in proportions: 1:1:4, and V) fine vermiculite. Lithothamnium fertilizer levels used were 0%, 5% and 10% (v/v), respectively. The experimental design used was randomize blocks with factorial of 5x3 (five different substrates and three different lithothamnium doses) and four replication. Lithothamnium doses and substrates influenced the seedling growth of Jatropha. Seedlings fertilized with the substrates soil with mineral fertilizers (substrates 1); compost with manure and carbonized rice hulls (Substrate 3); soil with hatchery compost (Substrate 4) fertilized with a dose of 6.8% (v/v) lithothamnium showed the best result.


A qualidade da muda é fundamental para implantação de lavouras homogêneas. Desta forma, avaliou-se o crescimento de mudas de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.,), em diferentes substratos adubados com fertilizante à base de lithothamnium. Foram utilizados os substratos: I) terra de barranco, esterco bovino curtido e areia nas proporções 3:1:1 volume/volume (v/v), respectivamente; II) substrato comercial denominado Tropstrato®; III) esterco de curral e palha de arroz carbonizada na proporção de 1:1 (v/v); IV) compostagem de incubatório de aves, palha de arroz carbonizada e terra de barranco na proporção 1:1:4; e V) vermiculita pura de granulação fina. As doses do fertilizante à base de lithothamnium utilizadas foram: 0%, 5% e 10% (v/v), respectivamente. O desenho experimental foi o delineamento em blocos casualisados, em esquema bifatorial 5x3 (cinco substratos e três doses de fertilizante) e quatro repetições. Cada unidade experimental (parcela) foi composta por doze mudas. As doses de lithothamnium e os substratos influenciaram o crescimento de mudas de pinhão manso. As mudas produzidas com os substratos composto por terra de barranco, esterco bovino curtido e areia; esterco de curral e palha de arroz carbonizada e Compostagem de incubatório de aves, palha de arroz carbonizada e terra de barranco adubadas com a dose média de 6,8% (v/v) de lithothamnium, apresentaram o melhor resultado.


Subject(s)
Crop Production , Jatropha , Fertilizers , Manure
10.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 59: e16150396, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951378

ABSTRACT

Jatropha curcas L represent a potential source of raw material for the production of biodiesel. The aim this study was to find potential candidate reference genes in J. curcas tissues. Three softwares were utilized to verify which would be the most stable reference genes in qPCR assay: GeNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper. The most stable reference genes in developing J. curcas seeds suggested by GeNorm were GAPDH, UCP, actin. However, the best combinations of stable genes in each tissue were identified separately under stress conditions: EF1-α, PP2A2 and GAPDH in total stress, however, in SA stress, four genes were required for normalization: PP2A2, EF1-α, GAPDH and PUB. In PEG stress, four genes also were required: PP2A2, EF1-α, GAPDH and PUB, while in NaCl stress, five genes were necessary: PP2A2, GAPDH, EF1-α, PUB and Tβ2. These results are in accordance with two other programs used in this study (NormFinder, BestKeeper). In addition, the transcript levels of Jc-SRG-2 seem to be more correlated with stress responses than changes in transcript levels of Jc-SRG-1, mainly of leaves in exposure to 3-12 h on PEG and NaCl stress. Taken together, GAPDH and PP2A2 were regarded as being the best reference to provide guidelines for the selection of potential references genes under these study conditions.

11.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 31(5): 1378-1387, sept./oct. 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-964876

ABSTRACT

Ever since the government began providing incentives for biofuel production, physic nut has appeared to be a promising plant, due to the high oil content of the seeds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutrition of physic nut seedlings and changes in the chemical attributes of soil, based on the doses of domestic and industrial sewage sludge. Two experiments were conducted in a design with casualized blocks with four replicates using samples of a "Latossolo Amarelo" that received five doses of each sludge, equivalent to 0; 100; 150; 200 and 300 kg N total ha-1. The domestic sewage sludge raised the calcium and magnesium contents in the dry mass of the aerial part and root, and nitrogen and phosphorus in the dry mass of the aerial part of physic nut seedlings, whereas the industrial sludge raised the calcium and nitrogen in the dry mass of the aerial part and root of the physic seedlings, but did not affect the phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium and potassium contents in the dry mass of the aerial part and root. The domestic sludge did not alter the soil pH but raised the amounts of phosphorus, calcium + magnesium, cation exchange capacity, organic matter and reduced the exchangeable aluminum, while the industrial one raised the pH and the cation exchange capacity of the soil, increased the amounts of phosphorus, calcium + magnesium, and organic matter and reduced the exchangeable aluminum present in the soil. The domestic and industrial sludges may be used to produce physic nut seedlings; however is necessary studies to evaluate the presence of heavy metals or potentially pathogenic microorganisms.


Com os incentivos governamentais para produção de biocombustíveis, o pinhão-manso surgiu como uma planta promissora, devido ao alto teor de óleo nas sementes. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar a nutrição de mudas de pinhão-manso e alterações nos atributos químicos do solo, em função de doses de lodos de esgoto doméstico e industrial. Dois experimentos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, foram conduzidos utilizando amostras de um Latossolo Amarelo que recebeu cinco doses de cada lodo, equivalentes a 0; 100; 150; 200 e 300 kg N total ha-1. O lodo de esgoto doméstico elevou os teores de cálcio e magnésio na massa seca da parte aérea e raiz e de nitrogênio e fósforo na massa seca da parte aérea das mudas de pinhão-manso, enquanto o lodo industrial elevou os teores de cálcio e nitrogênio na massa seca da parte aérea e raiz das mudas de pinhão-manso, porém não afetou os teores de fósforo, nitrogênio, magnésio e potássio na massa seca da parte aérea e raiz. O lodo doméstico não alterou o pH do solo, contudo elevou as quantidades de fósforo, cálcio + magnésio, a capacidade de troca catiônica, a matéria orgânica e reduziu o alumínio trocável, enquanto o industrial elevou o pH e a capacidade de troca catiônica do solo, aumentou as quantidades de fósforo, cálcio + magnésio e matéria orgânica e reduziu o alumínio trocável presentes no solo. Os lodos domésticos e industriais podem ser utilizados na produção de mudas de pinhão-manso, contudo é necessário estudos sobre a presença de metais pesados ou micro-organismos patogênicos.


Subject(s)
Plants , Sewage , Soil Characteristics , Food , Jatropha
12.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(7): 1167-1173, 07/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749779

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes arranjos de plantio próprios para o consórcio com a atividade agrícola e pecuária, bem como tipos de consórcio na produção de plantas de pinhão manso em duas safras. O experimento foi realizado no município de Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo a parcela representada por 5 espaçamentos: 6x3m (555 pl ha-1); 12x(2x2)m (714 pl ha-1); 10x(2x2)m (833 pl ha-1); 8x(2x2)m (1.000 pl ha-1); 6x1,5m (1.111 pl ha-1) e a subparcela representada por dois tipos de consórcio (integração lavoura-pecuária-pinhão manso - iLPF, e integração pecuária pinhão manso - SSP). As avalições contemplaram as safras 2010/2011 e 2011/2012. Os resultados demonstraram que o maior espaçamento de plantio (6x3m) apresentou efeito positivo na produção por planta, superando os demais tratamentos. Não foram observados efeitos significativos no número de sementes por fruto, bem como no peso da semente. A produção por hectare, foi maior no espaçamento 6x1,5m (maior densidade populacional), entretanto não seguiu uma tendência linear. O sistema iLPF apresentou efeito significativo na produção, superando o sistema SSP.


The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different spacing plantings and intercropping models on physic nut trees yield in two harvest seasons. The experimental trial was carried out in Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais, in a randomized complete bocks design, in a split-plotted scheme. The experimental unit was represented by 5 different spacing plantings 6x3m (555 pl ha-1); 12x(2x2)m (714 pl ha-1); 10x(2x2)m (833 pl ha-1); 8x(2x2)m (1,000 pl ha-1); 6x1,5m (1.111 pl ha-1) and the sub-unit by two intercropping models (crop-livestock-forestry - iLPF, and livestock-forestry - SSP). The evaluation period contemplated 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 harvest seasons. The results showed that the higher spacing planting (6x3m) had a positive effect on individual tree yield, overcoming the others. No effect was observed for number of seeds per fruit and seed weight. The yield per hectare was higher in the closest spacing planting (6x1.5m), however it did not follow a linear trend. The iLPF system affected yield positively, overcoming the SSP system.

13.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 31(2): 509-517, mar./abr. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-964098

ABSTRACT

O pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) é uma planta de grande destaque entre as oleaginosas promissoras para a produção de biodiesel. Contudo, para a comercialização segura de lotes são necessárias informações sobre a qualidade das sementes, especialmente vigor. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, adequar a metodologia do teste de frio para a avaliação do vigor de sementes de pinhão manso. Sementes de cinco lotes de pinhão manso foram inicialmente submetidas a testes para avalição da qualidade fisiológica e, em seguida, submetidas ao teste de frio. Para isso, foram semeadas em papel toalha, tipo germitest, com e sem solo, sendo confeccionados rolos que foram mantidos a 10 oC, por cinco, sete, nove e 11 dias. Após cada período, os rolos foram transferidos para germinador a 25 oC, realizando-se a avaliação da germinação aos 5 e 7 dias. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e as médias dos tratamentos comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05) e correlacionadas com os resultados dos demais testes. O teste de frio é eficiente para a estratificação dos lotes de sementes de pinhão manso em níveis de vigor. Recomenda-se utilizar a metodologia do rolo de papel sem solo e manter as sementes em BOD a 10 ºC por sete dias, seguida por um período de cinco dias em germinador a 25 ºC.


The physic nut has great potential for biodiesel production. However, for safe comercialization of the lots, information about seed quality is necessary, especially about vigor. This work aimed to adapt the cold test methodology for evaluation of the physiological quality of Jatropha curcas seeds. Seeds of five lots were initially characterized and then tested with cold test. For this, seeds were sown on germitest paper, with and without soil, and rollers were made. Then, the seeds were exposed to 10 oC during five, seven, nine and 11 days. After the cold period, the seed were transferred to germinator with temperature adjusted to 25 oC for later evaluation at 5 and 7 days. The statistical design was completely randomized and the treatment means were compared by Tukey test (p < 0,05) and correlated with the results of other tests. The cold test proved to be efficient for the lots stratification on levels of vigor. It is recommended to use paper roll without soil and keep the seeds in BOD at 10 ºC for seven days and then transfer them to germinator with temperature adjusted to 25 °C for five days.


Subject(s)
Seeds , Cold Temperature , Jatropha , Biofuels
14.
Acta méd. peru ; 31(4): 213-219, oct.-dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-735440

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Estudios preclínicos evidencian efectos dosis dependiente sobre la analgesia e inflamación y neurotoxicidad de las hojas, corteza y raíz de J. curcas L. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la actividad analgésica y neurofarmacológica de las fracciones de la semilla de J. curcas L. Métodos. Estudio experimental, preclínico y prospectivo. Se distribuyeron 48 ratones en seis grupos control: ácido acético, diclofenaco, tramadol, agua destilada, diazepam y cafeína. Cuatro grupos experimentales: fracción soluble a 500 mg/kg y fracción no soluble a 250, 500 y 750 mg/kg; se evaluó los efectos sobre la algesia, por medio de la prueba de contorsiones abdominales por ácido acético a 1,5 %, y las manifestaciones neurológicas, mediante la prueba de Irwin. Se realizaron pruebas para el análisis de las variables cuantitativas y para las variables cualitativas. Resultados. La inhibición de las contorsiones fue 62,27 %, 56,86 %, 44,12 % y 42,06 % para los grupos 5, 2, 4 y 3, respectivamente. Las manifestaciones neurológicas de los grupos experimentales mostraron presencia y significancia de las variables excitación, sacudidas de cabeza, rascarse, incoordinación motora, cola de Straub, piloerección y estereotipias. Las variables estereotipias y rascado se presentaron en las dos fracciones. Conclusión. La fracción soluble y la no soluble del extracto etanólico de J. curcas L. presentaron efecto analgésico y efectos tóxicos a nivel del sistema nervioso central.


Introduction. Preclinical studies show the dose dependent effects on the analgesia, inflammation and neurotoxicity of the leaves, bark and root. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the analgesic and neuropharmacological activity of the fractions of the seed J. curcas L. Methods. Experimental study, preclinical and prospective. 48 rats were distributed in 6 control groups: acetic acid, diclofenac, tramadol, distilled water, diazepam, caffeine. Four experimental groups: 500 mg/kg of soluble fraction and 250, 500 y 750 mg/kg of insoluble fraction; the effects on the algesia were evaluated using an exam of abdominal contortions with acetic acid on 1,5%; the neurological manifestations were measured with the Irwin test. To analyze the quantitative and qualitative variables exams were used. Results. The inhibition of the contortions were 62,27 %, 56,86 %, 44,12 % y 42,06 % for the groups 5, 2, 4 y 3, respectively. The neurological manifestations of the experimental groups showed the presence and significance of the variables: excitation, head twitches, scratching, motor incoordination, Straub tail, piloerection and stereotypies. The variables stereotypes and scratching presented themselves in the two fractions. Conclusion. The soluble and insoluble fraction of the ethanoic extract of J. Curcas L. presented analgesic and toxic effects on the central nervous system.


Subject(s)
Jatropha/toxicity , Jatropha/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System
15.
Horiz. méd. (Impresa) ; 14(2): 27-33, jul. 2014. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-728038

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar los mecanismos de interacción entre el extracto etanólico de Jatrohpa curcas L. y la metoclopramida sobre el sistema gastrointestinal. Material y Métodos: Se usó 30 ratones albinos machos, en5 grupos; los que recibieron por vía oral: Grupo 1: Jatropha curcas L. 800 mg/Kg, y 0, 5mg/Kg de metoclopramida. Grupo 2: 0.5 mg/mL de metoclopramida. Grupo 3: 1.5 mg/Kg de Atropina. Grupo 4: 800 mg/kg de Jatropha curcas L. Grupo 5: no recibió medicamento. A todos, se les administró por vía oral: carbón activado al 5% 0,1 mL/10g, como marcador intestinal. Se empleó el Método Arboset al, para evaluar la motilidad intestinal. La validación estadística del recorrido intestinal se realizó aplicando las pruebas de Kolmogorov Smirnov, ANOVA de 1 cola, Tukey y Newman-Keuls. Resultados: Se observó un el porcentaje de recorrido del carbón de 36.46% del grupo 1 frente a 65,45%, 3,66% y 58,87% de los grupos 2, 3 y 4, respectivamente; y de 58,87% del grupo 4 frente a 20,94% del grupo 5. Conclusiones: Se evidenció el antagonismo entre el extracto etanólico de la semilla de Jatropha curcas L. con la metoclopramida, el cual se explicaría por la interacción entre el sistema colinérgico, adrenérgico, GABAérgico y de neuropéptidos sobre la glándula suprarrenal, sistema nervioso central y gastrointestinal.


Objective: Determinate the mechanisms of interaction between the ethanol extract of Jatrohpacurcas L. and metoclopramide on gastrointestinal system. Material and Methods: 30 male albino mice were used, forming 5 groups and received oral medications as follows: Group 1: Jatropha curcas L. 800 mg / kg, and 0.5 mg/Kg of metoclopramide. Group 2: 0.5 mg/mL of metoclopramide. Group 3: 1.5 mg/Kg of atropine. Group 4: 800 mg/Kg of Jatropha curcas L. Group 5 received no medication. All groups receivedoral activated charcoal 0.1 mL/10g as intestinal marker. The Arbos et al method was used to evaluate intestinal motility. The statistical validation of the intestine dynamics was performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov, 1-tailed ANOVA, Tukey and Newman-Keuls. Results: the percentage of charcoal runs in the 1rst group was 36.46% compared to 65.45%, 3.66 % and 58.87% for the 2nd, 3th and 4th groups, respectively. In the 4th group was 58,87% compared to 20.94% in the 5th group. Conclusions: the antagonism between the ethanol extract of the seeds of J.curcas L. with metoclopramide, which is probably would explain by the interaction between the cholinergic system, adrenergic system, GABAergic system and neuropeptides on the adrenal gland, central nervous system and gastrointestinal system.


Subject(s)
Jatropha , Medicine, Traditional , Metoclopramide , Gastrointestinal Motility
16.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 30(3): 782-791, may/june 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-947461

ABSTRACT

Na região Nordeste do país o pinhão-manso surge como uma planta promissora para a produção de biodiesel devido ao alto teor de óleo nas sementes. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o comportamento e a qualidade de mudas do pinhão-manso, em função de doses de lodos de esgoto doméstico e industrial. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação com cinco tratamentos, consistindo de cinco doses de ambos os lodos de esgoto (equivalentes a 0, 100, 150, 200 e 300 kg N total ha-1), no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento da raiz, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, massa fresca da parte aérea, massa fresca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e índice de qualidade de mudas de Dickson (IQD). O lodo de esgoto industrial favorece as variáveis relacionadas à raiz até a dose de 200 kg N total ha-1 e o lodo de esgoto doméstico as variáveis relacionadas à parte aérea na dose de 200 kg N total ha-1, exceto para a massa seca da parte aérea e raiz de mudas de pinhão-manso. O lodo de esgoto industrial não alterou a quantidade de massa seca da parte aérea de mudas de pinhão-manso. O índice de qualidade de Dickson caracteriza as mudas de pinhão-manso como de boa qualidade, contudo não apresenta diferença significativa entre os tratamentos.


In the Northeast region of the country the physic nut emerges as a promising plant for the biodiesel production, due its high oil content in seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior and seedlings quality of physic nut, depending on the dose of domestic and industrialsewage sludge. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with five treatments, consisting in five doses for both sewage sludge (equivalent to 0, 100, 150, 200 and 300 kg total N ha-1), in complete randomized blocks, with four replications. The variables analyzed were: shoot length, root length, leaf number, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry mass and index of seedlings quality of Dickson. The industrial sewage sludge increases the variables related to the root until level of 200 kg total N ha-1 and domestic sewage sludge increases variables related to shoot at a dose of 200 kg total N ha-1, except for the dry matter of shoot and root system of physic nut seedlings. The industrial sewage sludge did not change the amount of dry matter of shoots of physic nut seedlings. The Dickson quality index (DQI) characterizes the seedlings of physic nut as good quality, however no significant difference was found between treatments.


Subject(s)
Soil , Food , Domestic Effluents , Jatropha
17.
Ciênc. rural ; 44(1): 64-70, Jan. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-697029

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos e avaliar o progresso genético dos principais componentes da produção de grãos do pinhão-manso. Para isso, foram avaliadas quatro procedências de pinhão-manso em ensaio de blocos ao acaso, utilizando três repetições de 36 plantas, em espaçamento de 3x2m. O número de cachos por planta foi uma das características mais importantes para a produção de grãos. A uniformidade de maturação dos frutos apresentou efeito ambiental predominante, sendo bastante limitado o progresso genético a ser obtido com a seleção baseada nesta característica. O progresso genético estimado com a seleção de procedências pode ser considerado pequeno: 11%, 7% e 18% no 1°, 2° e 3° anos pós-plantio, respectivamente. A seleção dos 30 melhores indivíduos dentro de procedências permitiu a obtenção de ganhos de 29%. O melhoramento dessa oleaginosa deve considerar estratégias de geração de variabilidade, como a recombinação de indivíduos divergentes e introdução de novos acessos.


The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and evaluate the genetic progress of Jatropha curcas L. agricultural traits from 2008 to 2011. Four Brazilian provenances were evaluated in a randomized block design using three replicates of 36 plants at a spacing of 3x2m. The number of bunches was one of the most important traits for grain production. The fruit ripening uniformity showed predominant environmental effect, being very limited the genetic progress to be achieved by plant selection. The estimated genetic progress with the selection of provenances may be considered low: 11%, 7% and 18% at 1th, 2th and 3th years respectively. The selection of the 30 best individuals within provenances provided a genetic progress of 29%. The genetic improvement of this oil crop should consider strategies to increase the genetic variability by breeding and introduction of new genotypes.

18.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 30(3 Supplement): 147-157, 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-947550

ABSTRACT

O objetivo no presente trabalho foi determinar e avaliar as propriedades termodinâmicas do processo de dessorção das sementes de pinhão-manso. O teor de água de equilíbrio foi determinado pelo método estáticogravimétrico para diferentes temperaturas e atividade de água. Para obter os dados experimentais utilizou-se o método estático indireto. Foram utilizadas sementes de pinhão-manso, com teor de água inicial de 20,9 % base seca, submetidas à secagem em estufa com ventilação de ar forçada na temperatura de secagem de 40 °C, até atingirem os teores de água de 13,6; 11,1; 8,7; 6,4 (% b.s.). Os valores das propriedades termodinâmicas foram obtidos a partir de equações prédeterminadas. A partir dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que as propriedades termodinâmicas são influenciadas pelo teor de água, sendo que o calor latente de vaporização da água das sementes aumenta com o decréscimo do teor de água de equilíbrio. O processo de dessorção das sementes de pinhão-manso é controlado pela entalpia e a energia livre de Gibbs é positiva para as temperaturas estudadas e aumenta ao longo do processo de dessorção, mostrando-se ser um processo não espontâneo.


The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the thermodynamic properties for different levels of water equilibrium of jatropha seeds. The equilibrium moisture content was determined by gravimetric-static method at different temperatures and water activity. The experiment was conducted at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - Câmpus Rio Verde in the Laboratório de Pós-Colheita de Produtos Vegetais. Seeds of Jatropha, with an initial moisture content of 20,9 % dry basis, dried in an oven with forced air ventilation in the drying temperature of 40 °C to achieve moisture content of 13,6; 11,1; 8,7; 6,4 % dry basis. The values of the thermodynamic properties were obtained from predetermined equations. The results obtained showed that the thermodynamic properties are affected by moisture content, and the latent heat of vaporization of water from the grains increases with decreasing equilibrium moisture content. The desorption process of jatropha seeds is controlled by the enthalpy and Gibbs free energy is positive for the studied temperatures and increases throughout the desorption process, proving to be a non-spontaneous process.


Subject(s)
Seeds , Entropy , Jatropha
19.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 30(5 Supplement 2): 599-608, 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-947947

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de pinhão manso armazenadas em diferentes embalagens e ambientes. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em Viçosa-MG. As sementes, com teor de água de 8,3%, foram acondicionadas em embalagem de pano e de plástico e armazenadas por 450 dias em condições de laboratório (sem controle de temperatura e U.R.); sala refrigerada (18 a 20 ºC e 55 a 60% de U.R.); câmara fria (10 a 12 ºC e 55 a 60% de U.R.) e câmara fria (5 a 7 ºC e 60 a 65% de U.R.). No início do armazenamento e a cada 90 dias, foram determinados o teor de água, a germinação e o vigor das sementes. Redução na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de pinhão manso ocorreu durante o armazenamento, independentemente das condições de ambiente e embalagem. As sementes podem ser armazenadas por 270 dias em ambiente não controlado, em Viçosa- MG. Para armazenamento por tempo superior a 270 dias, é recomendada a utilização de ambiente refrigerado, com temperatura 18-20 °C, independentemente da embalagem utilizada.


The study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of physic nut stored at different environment and packaging. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Viçosa-MG. The seeds, with water content of 8,3%, were packed in cloth and plastic and stored for 450 days under laboratory conditions (no temperature an R.U. control); air-conditioned room (18 to 20 ºC and 55 to 60% R.U.), refrigerated chamber (10 to 12 °C and 55 to 60% R.U.) and refrigerated chamber (5-7 °C and 60 to 65% R.U.). At the beginning of storage and every 90 days, we determined the water content, germination and vigor of seeds. Reduction in the physiological quality of seeds of physic nut occurred during storage, regardless of the environment and packaging. The seeds can be stored for 270 days at room without controlled temperature and relative humidity, in Viçosa-MG, both in plastic packaging such as cloth. From 270 days, it is recommended to use refrigerated environment, with temperatures 18-20 °C for seed storage, regardless of packaging used.


Subject(s)
Seeds , Germination , Jatropha
20.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 30(5 Supplement 2): 791-801, 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-947975

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas para plantas de pinhão manso. O trabalho foi dividido em dois experimentos realizados em casa de vegetação e campo. Nos dois experimentos foram avaliados os mesmos tratamentos químicos, dispostos em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições. Estudaram-se dezoito herbicidas: bentazon (0,72 kg i.a. ha-1), atrazine (4,00 kg i.a. ha-1), nicosulfuron (0,06 kg i.a. ha-1), oxyfluorfen (1,44 kg i.a. ha-1), isoxaflutole (0,15 kg i.a. ha-1), sethoxydim (0,37 kg i.a. ha-1), glyphosate + imazethapyr (0,53 + 0,09 kg i.a. ha-1), imazethapyr (0,10 kg i.a. ha-1), mesotrione (0,19 kg i.a. ha-1), acifluorfen + bentazon (0,25 + 0,60 kg i.a. ha-1), glyphosate (1,80 kg i.a. ha-1), imazamox (0,04 kg i.a. ha-1), diuron (3,20 kg i.a. ha-1), ametryn (3,00 kg i.a. ha- 1), amicarbazone (1,40 kg i.a. ha-1), profoxydim (0,17 kg i.a. ha-1), bentazon + imazamox (0,60 + 0,03 kg i.a. ha-1) e flumioxazin (0,03 kg i.a. ha-1), além das testemunhas (arranquio manual das plantas daninhas e sem manejo). Para a aplicação dos tratamentos em casa de vegetação, as plantas apresentavam de 4 a 6 folhas desenvolvidas, enquanto no experimento a campo apresentavam de 10 a 12 folhas desenvolvidas. Foram avaliados as notas de fitointoxicação, a altura da planta e o diâmetro do caule aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos herbicidas, em casa de vegetação e campo. Com base nos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que, independentemente do experimento, os tratamentos com glyphosate e diuron e ametryn causaram danos tóxicos severos às plantas de pinhão manso até aos 35 DAA. Por outro lado, evidenciou-se a seletividade dos herbicidas profoxydim, imazamox, mesotrione, acifluorfen + bentazon, sethoxydium, oxyfluorfen, sethoxydim e nicosulfuron, com potencial para utilização na cultura do pinhão manso.


Objective to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides to pinhão manso plant. The work was divided into two experiments realized in the greenhouse and field. In two experiments we evaluated the same chemical treatments, arranged in a randomized block design, with five repetitions. Eighteen herbicides were studied: bentazon (0,72 kg i.a. ha- 1), atrazine (4,00 kg i.a. ha-1), nicosulfuron (0,06 kg i.a. ha-1), oxyfluorfen (1,44 kg i.a. ha-1), isoxaflutole (0,15 kg i.a. ha-1), sethoxydim (0,37 kg i.a. ha-1), glyphosate + imazethapyr (0,53 + 0,09 kg i.a. ha-1), imazethapyr (0,10 kg i.a. ha-1), mesotrione (0,19 kg i.a. ha-1), acifluorfen + bentazon (0,25 + 0,60 kg i.a. ha-1), glyphosate (1,80 kg i.a. ha-1), imazamox (0,04 kg i.a. ha-1), diuron (3,20 kg i.a. ha-1), ametryn (3,00 kg i.a. ha-1), amicarbazone (1,40 kg i.a. ha-1), profoxydim (0,17 kg i.a. ha-1), bentazon + imazamox (0,60 + 0,03 kg i.a. ha-1) and flumioxazin (0,03 kg i.a. ha-1), beyond the controls (manual uprooting of weeds and without management). For the application of treatments in the greenhouse, the plants presented of 4 to 6 developed leaves, while in the field experiment presented 10 to 12 developed leaves. We evaluated the notes phytointoxication, plant height and stalk diameter at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after application (DAA) of herbicides in greenhouse and field. Based on the results obtained it was concluded that, independently of the experiment, treatments with glyphosate and diuron and ametryn damage caused severe toxic damage to plants of pinhão manso to 35 DAA. On the other hand, revealed the selectivity of herbicides profoxydim, imazamox, mesotrione, acifluorfen + bentazon, sethoxydium, oxyfluorfen, sethoxydim and nicosulfuron, with potential use in the pinhão manso culture.


Subject(s)
Jatropha , Weed Control , Herbicides
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